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DELE;N OR SUB/ITU;N ( ITEMS %D HAPP5 9FREQU5TLY1 "PICUL>LY IF $UCATORS ) SPECIALIZ,N 9 #AA ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#F VISUAL IMPAIR;TS H BE5 9VOLV$ 9 ! ITEM DEVELOP;T PROCESS4 ,ATT5;N 6UNIV]SAL DESIGN DUR+ TE/ DEVELOP;T W AL REDUCE ! PROBABIL;Y T A TE/ ITEM W H 6BE DELET$4 #F4 ,IF ITEMS >E OMITT$ 9 ALT]NATE V].NS1 ! TE/ SCOR+ CRIT]IA M/ 2 RESCAL$ S T BRL1 L>GE PR9T1 & AUDIO =MAT "PICIPANTS >E N UNFAIRLY P5ALIZ$ & S T SCORES C 2 OBTA9$ = DIAGNO/IC & A3.TABIL;Y USE4 #G4 ,SUB/ITUT$ ITEMS %D ASSESS ! SAME SKILL & H EQUAL VALUE & VALID;Y4 ,SUB/ITUT$ ITEMS M/ MA9TA9 ! CORRECT ANSW] 9 ! SAME POSI;N Z T (! ORIG9AL TE/ ITEM4 #H4 ,ALL FIELD TE/ ITEMS & SAMPLE "QS NE$ 6BE 9CLUD$ 9 A3ESSI# =MAT TE/ V].NS4 #I4 ,TE/ 3TRACTS M/ 9DICATE PREF]R$ PUBLIC,N /RATEGIES1 S* Z BRAILL+ ON BO? SIDES (! BRL PAP] 7REF]R$ 6Z 9T]PO9T71 PREF]R$ ME?ODS ( PRODUC+ GRAPHICS1 & B9D+ (! BRL TE/ MAT]IALS4 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS C#F ,ASSI/.E ) DET]M9+ ^! SPECIFIC,NS IS AVAILA# F ,,APH4 --------------------------------------#G #AJ4 ,BRL TE/S >E G5],Y PRODUC$ US+ 3TRACT$ BRL1 A SPACE-SAV+ ME?OD = CR1T+ BRL 9 : BRL CELLS C 2 US$ 9DIVIDU,Y OR JO9$ TGR 6REPRES5T BRL 3TRAC;NS & :OLE ^WS4 ,IF ! TE/ IS =A "Y * OR A NEW BRL R1D]1 2 SURE 6SPECIFY IF ! TE/ IS NE$$ 9 UNCONTRACT$ BRL1 ":BY E LR ( E ^W IS REPRES5T$ 0AN 9DIVIDUAL BRL CELL4 #AA4 ,! =MAT ( AN A3ESSI# M$IA TE/ EDI;N M/ FOLL[ ! PR9T =MAT Z M* Z POSSI#4 ,T IS1 IDE,Y ! NUMB] ( TE/ ITEMS & TE/ SEC;NS %D MAT* T (! PR9T =MAT1 Z %D ! ORD] (! TE/ ITEMS & TE/ SEC;NS4 ,ALL DEVI,NS F ! PR9T V].N (! TE/ M/ 2 \TL9$ 9 A PR9T COPY ( ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,NOTES =! ALT]$ =MAT4 ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,NOTES M/ 9CLUDE REF];E 6PR9T V].NS ) ASSOCIAT$ A3ESSI# =MAT PAGE NUMB]S1 ID5TIFY PASSAGES & ITEMS 0PAGE 7PR9T & ALT]$ =MAT71 & PROVIDE 9DIC,N ( #AC ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#G ANY *ANGES MADE 6! ALT]$ =MAT4 7,APP5DICES ;,B & ;,C 3TA9 TEMPLATES = CR1T+ ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,NOTES = BRL & L>GE PR9T =MATS47 #AB4 ,SPECIAL REQUIRE;TS1 S* Z AN 9DEP5D5T PRO(R1D+ ( TE/ MAT]IALS & EXACT PR9T REPRODUC;NS (! BRL_/TACTILE TE/ ITEMS1 NE$ 6BE 3SID]$ & 9CLUD$ 9 ! 3TRACT4 #AC4 ,,APH'S POLICY 9 A3ESSI# TE/ PRODUC;N 9CLUDES CLOSE COLLABOR,N )1 & APPROVAL F1 TE/ PUBLI%]S & 3T5T SPECIALI/S 65SURE T $IT$ ITEMS >E A3EPTA# Z $IT$4 #AD4 ,TE/ SECUR;Y & 3FID5TIAL;Y /&>DS M/ 2 UPHELD DUR+ ! PROCESS ( DEVELOP+ A3ESSI# =MATS4 ,TE/ ,DEVELOP;T #A4 ,TE/ DEVELOP;T %D 5SURE T TE/ SCORE 9F];ES REFLECT 9T5D$ 3/RUCTS & N 4ABIL;Y "*I/ICS 7,,AERA1 #BJJJ74 #B4 ,! 3/RUCT 6BE M1SUR$ M/ 2 SPECIFI$ 9 DOCU;TS T >E A3ESSI# 6P]SONS :O W 2 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#G PRODUC+ ! A3ESSI# =MATS & P]SONS ADM9I/]+ TE/S 6^? ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 #C4 ,AVAILABIL;Y ( 3/RUCT SPECIFIC,NS IS ESS5TIAL 9 DET]M9+ APPROPRIATE A3OMMOD,N USE & 9 ! REPRODUC;N ( TE/ ITEMS 6BE PRES5T$ 9 BRL1 TACTILE1 L>GE PR9T1 OR AUDIO =MATS4 --------------------------------------#H #D4 ,TE/ PUBLI%]S M/ MA9TA9 A3ESS 6EXP]TS 9 ! M$IA ( BRL1 L>GE PR9T1 & AUDIO1 :O C PROVIDE 9=M,N 3C]N+ TE/ DEVELOP;T & TRANSCRIP;N1 :O IS A# 6PRO(R1D TE/ MAT]IALS 2F MASS DUPLIC,N1 & O!RWISE 5SURE T MAT]IALS >E PROVID$ 9 A "TLY & A3URATE MANN]4 ,PRO(R1D+ ! BRL1 L>GE PR9T1 OR AUDIO V].N (! TE/ 2F MULTIPLE COPIES >E MADE 3FIRMS T ! MAT]IAL IS R1DA# & T ! ADAPT$ TE/ FOLL[S ! PR9T COPY 9 NUMB]+ & LR+ ( TE/ ITEMS & ANSW] *OICES1 & T ! GRAPHICS >E R1DA# & 9 ! CORRECT LOC,N4 ,! PRO(R1D] %D AL *ECK = PROP] =MATT+4 #E4 ,VALID;Y ISSUES 3C]N+ ALL #AE ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#H A3ESSI# =MATS & A3OMMOD,N NE$S %D 2 4CUSS$ DUR+ TE/ DEVELOP;T 7,PHILLIPS1 #AIID74 ,! PROVI.N (A TE/ 9 A3ESSI# M$IA %D 2 3SID]$ A VALID A3OMMOD,N Z L;G Z X DOES N *ANGE ! 3/RUCT T ! TE/ 0 DESIGN$ 6M1SURE4 ,IF A P]=M.E ITEM REQUIRES DRAW+1 3SID] ALL[+ AN EXPLAN,N OR DESCRIP;N Z AN ALL[A# RESPONSE OP;N4 ,IF ? IS ALL[$1 SCOR+ CRIT]IA W NE$ 69CLUDE 9=M,N ON ? OP;N4 #F4 ,ALL DIREC;NS ON A TE/ %D 2 ^W$ 6ALL[ = ALT]NATE RESPONSE ME?ODS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 USE ( DIREC;NS L 8CIRCLE ! ANSW]0 %D 2 REPLAC$ ) 89DICATE OR M>K ! ANSW]40 #G4 ,SPECIFIC GUIDEL9ES ON ANY TE/ =MAT *ANGES1 ALL[A# A3OMMOD,NS 79CLUD+ "T ALL[.ES71 & G5]AL ASSI/.E T C 2 PROVID$ 6! /UD5T M/ 2 /AT$ 9 ! TE/ ADM9I/R,N MANUAL OR SUPPLE;TAL ADM9I/R,N MAT]IALS4 #H4 ,TE/ 3T5T -MITTEES %D 2 MADE AW>E ( ALT]NATE M$IA ISSUES REG>D+ ! USE ( -PLICAT$ & NONESS5TIAL PICTURES & ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#H GRAPHICS4 ,ITEM ,DEVELOP;T & ,REVIEW #A4 ,$UCATORS ) SPECIALIZ,N 9 ! FIELD ( VISUAL IMPAIR;TS M/ 2 9CLUD$ 9 ! TE/ ITEM DEVELOP;T PROCESS4 #B4 ,ALL TE/ ITEMS M/ 2 REVIEW$ 0P]SONS FAMILI> ) VISUAL 4ABIL;Y ISSUES 65SURE T NO TE/ ITEM IS BIAS$ OR 4CRIM9ATORY T[>D P]SONS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 #C4 ,X IS RECOMM5D$ T Z M* 9=M,N Z POSSI# 2 9CLUD$ 9 ! TEXT (A TE/ ITEM4 ,? W HELP PREV5T ! 9TRODUC;N ( PICTURES T 3TA9 9=M,N NEC = SELEC;N (! CORRECT ANSW]1 B : _C 2 ADEQUATELY BRLD1 PRES5T$ 9 L>GE PR9T1 OR DESCRIB$ 9 AUDIO =MAT4 #D4 ,9 G5]AL1 USE ( 8VI.N SPECIFIC0 LANGUAGE C 2 MA9TA9$1 E4G41 8,LOOK AT ! FOLL[+ LI/ ( ANIMALS40 --------------------------------------#I #E4 ,! TE/ ITEM POOL M/ 2 L>GE 5 = BIAS & ITEM REVIEW -MITTEES 6REPLACE ITEMS DET]M9$ 6BE 9A3ESSI# 9 BRL1 L>GE #AG ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#I PR9T1 OR AUDIO =MATS4 #F4 ,A REPRES5TATIVE SAMPLE ( /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS NE$S 6BE 9CLUD$ 9 ANY FIELD-TE/+ (! ASSESS;T1 Z PRESCRIB$ 9 ,/&>D #AJ.C 7P4 #AJF7 (! ,/&>DS = ,$UC,NAL & ,PSY*OLOGICAL ,TE/+ 7#AIII74 #G4 ,ALL PRACTICE MAT]IALS M/ 2 PROVID$ 9 A3ESSI# =MAT AT ! SAME "T T PR9T PRACTICE MAT]IALS >E PROVID$4 ,ALL[ SU6ICI5T "T = A3ESSI# =MAT PREP>,N4 #H4 ,PROVI.NS %D 2 MADE 63DUCT ITEM ANALYSES = A3ESSI# =MAT TE/ ITEMS4 ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N #A4 ,-PUT]S & ADAPTIVE TE*NOLOGY1 ELECTRONIC NOTETAK]S1 CASSETTE PLAY]_/RECORD]S1 ! CASSETTES1 ;,,CD'S1 ETC41 M/ 2 9SPECT$ = PROP] FUNC;N+ PRIOR 6_! USE DUR+ A TE/4 ,! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR OR PROCTOR %D 2 9/RUCT$ ON H[ 6PROCE$ IF EQUIP;T FAILS OR MALFUNC;NS DUR+ ADM9I/R,N (! TE/4 #B4 ,EA* TE/ ADM9I/RATOR OR PROCTOR (A ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#I /UD5T US+ AN ALT]NATE M$IUM TE/ OR A -B9,N ( M$IA %D 2 ASSIGN$ A TE/+ PACKET T 9CLUDES A LI/ ( MAT]IALS NE$$ 7APPROV$ TE*NOLOGY OR O!R MANIPULATIVES1 S* Z A TALK+ CALCULATOR1 BRL OR L>GE PR9T RUL]1 BRL PAP]1 BOLD L9E WRIT+ PAP]1 RAIS$ L9E GRAPH PAP]1 ETC47 #C4 ,! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR OR PROCTOR NE$S 65SURE T SPECIAL TOOLS & MAT]IALS NOT$ ON ! /UD5T'S ,,IEP & US$ = 9/RUC;NAL PURPOSES Z A3OMMOD,NS >E AVAILA#1 Z NE$$1 6/UD5TS 9 ! TE/-TAK+ 5VIRON;T4 ,= EXAMPLE1 IF A VISU,Y IMPAIR$ /UD5T R\T9ELY USES AN ABACUS 9 ! CLASSROOM :5 SIE ALL[$ 6USE A P5CIL & PAP] = -PUT,NAL PURPOSES1 !N AN ABACUS M/ 2 AVAILA# DUR+ A TE/4 7,SEE ,APP5DIX ;,D = FUR!R EXPLAN,N ON ! USE ( AN ABACUS 9 TE/-TAK+ SITU,NS47 ,SPECIALIZ$ TOOLS & MAT]IALS %D N 2 PROVID$ IF _! USE PRES5TS AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE4 #AI ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS #AJ #D4 ,9 PREP>,N = TE/ ADM9I/R,N1 ! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR NE$S 6REVIEW ! ORIG9AL TE/7S71 ! ALT]NATE =MAT_/S (! TE/_/S1 ! ORIG9AL TE/ ADM9I/R,N MANUAL7S71 ! TE/ ADM9I/R,N MANUAL_/S = A3ESSI# M$IA1 &! TE/ ADM9I/R,N NOTES =! SPECIAL =MAT_/S4 ,X IS RECOMM5D$ T ^! MAT]IALS 2 PROVID$ 6! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR "U SECURE & 3FID5TIAL M1NS TWO FULL "DS PRIOR 6TE/ ADM9I/R,N4 ,? "T IS NE$$ S ! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR C PLAN APPROPRIATELY =! A3ESSI# M$IA TE/ ADM9I/R,N4 #E4 ,PRIOR 6TE/+1 ! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR OR T1*] NE$S 65SURE T ! TE/ IS AVAILA# 9 A /UD5T'S PRIM>Y OR PREF]R$ R1D+ M$IUM OR -B9,N ( M$IA1 & T ! /UD5T HAS SU6ICI5T PROFICI5CY 9 USE ( ? M$IUM4 -------------------------------------#AA ,,BRL ,,& ,,TACTILE ,,GRAPHICS ,! 9=M,N 9 ? SEC;N DESCRIBES ME?ODS = DEVELOP+ & IMPLE;T+ ASSESS;TS = /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS :O REQUIRE BRL TEXT OR ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#AA TACTILE GRAPHICS4 ,:ILE "S TE*NOLOGY PROVIDES AUDITORY A3ESS 6PR9T1 BRL IS CRITICAL 6LIT]ACY & M/ 2 AN OP;N = ^? /UD5TS :O R\T9ELY USE X4 ,SEE ,APP5DIX ;,A =A 4CUS.N ( BRL V]SUS AUDITORY A3ESS4 ,G5],Y1 LE>N+ 6R1D BRL IS NO M DI6ICULT ?AN LE>N+ 6R1D PR9T4 ,! TACTILE PROCESS IS DI6]5T F ! VISUAL PROCESS & CR1TES ! FOLL[+ 3SID],NS3 ,BRL 7TACTILE R1D+7 3SUMES M "T ?AN DOES VISUAL R1D+1 Z /UD5TS :O R1D BRL TYPIC,Y R1D AT FEW] ^WS P] M9UTE ?AN D /UD5TS :O R1D PR9T 7,TR5T @& ,TRUAN1 #AIIG74 ,BRL R1D+ REQUIRES TACTILE TRA9+ 9 PAGE ORI5T,N & R1D+ & 9T]PRET,N ( GRAPHIC MAT]IAL4 ,BRL ,TRANSLAT+ 7,TRANSCRIP;N7 ,PROCESS ,! FOLL[+ >E TYPES ( TE/ ITEMS T >E DI6ICULT 6REPRODUCE 9 BRL3 #BA ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#AA ,-PLICAT$ TESSELL,NS ,ROT,N ITEMS T USE LRS (! ALPHABET 7LRS ON A SIGN OR O!R LRS ROTAT$ OR FLIPP$ 9 PR9T7 ,SCI;E ITEMS T USE -PLICAT$ PICTURES 6DEMON/RATE EXP]I;TS & O!R SCI5TIFIC 3CEPTS OR PROCESSES 7CELL1 DIGE/IVE OR MUSCLE SY/EMS1 ETC47 ,MAP R1D+ ITEMS T DEP5D ON VISU,Y RECOGNIZA# & UNLABEL$ 3T95TS1 C.TRIES1 OR /ATES1 E4G41 ,AFRICA1 ,ITALY1 OR ,FLORIDA ,VISUAL RECOGNI;N ITEMS 79T]PRET+ A PICTURE )\T SUPPORT+ TEXT7 ,ITEMS T REQUIRE 9T]PRET,N ( -PLICAT$ DRAW+S T 4PLAY MULTIPLE LAY]S OR CROSS-SEC;NS ,VISUAL ILLU.N ITEMS 7OPTICAL ILLU.N7 ,^! TYPES ( ITEMS FREQU5TLY REQUIRE EXT5SIVE REVI.N DUR+ BRL PRODUC;N4 ,! PRODUC] (! BRL TE/ MAY ASK A TE/ PUBLI%] 63SID] SUB/ITUT+ S* ITEMS ) ^? T C 2 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS C#AA MADE M A3ESSI# & : W RETA9 SIMIL>1 IF N ID5TICAL1 3CEPTS & H ! SAME WEIE C]TIFI$ 9 ,NEME? ,CODE TRANSL,NS = MA!MATICS & SCI;E TRANSCRIP;NS & LIT]>Y BRAILLI/S :O >E C]TIFI$ 0! ,N,NAL ,LIBR>Y ,S]VICE 9 LIT]>Y BRL = O!R TRANSL,NS 7R1D+1 WRIT+ PROMPTS1 G5]AL LIT]>Y TE/+ S* Z SOCIAL /UDIES & SCI;E LIT]>Y TEXT74 ,BRL =MATS M/ 2 MODEL$ AF ^? (! ,BRL ,AU?OR;Y ( ,NOR? ,AM]ICA 7,,BANA7 ,GUIDEL9ES1 F.D 9 ..,BRL ,=MATS3 ,PR9CIPLES ( ,PR9T 6,BRL .,TRANSCRIP;N1 #AIIG4 #B4 ,Z A TE/ IS $IT$ = BRL TRANSCRIP;N1 NEC *ANGES W 2 MADE 6MAKE ! MAT]IAL A3ESSI# 6BRL R1D]S4 ,CORRECT BRL TRANSCRIP;N AL REQUIRES T ,,BANA #BC ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#AB SPECIFIC,NS 2 OBS]V$4 ,SIMPLIFIC,N ( "S GRAPHIC MAT]IAL MAY 2 NEC4 ,SIMPLIFIC,N 5TAILS ! ELIM9,N ( "S >TI/IC F1TURES1 REMOVAL ( "S SUP]FLU\S MAT]IAL 7)\T ELIM9AT+ 4TRACT]S & O!R TEXT MAT]IAL T IS NEC 6MA9TA9 ! VALID;Y (! TE/ ITEM71 OR MOVE;T ON ! BRL PAGE ( "S TEXT OR GRAPHIC -PON5TS = M E6ICI5T R1DABIL;Y 0! BRL R1D] 7MOV+ A SCALE1 LEG5D1 OR -PASS ROSE ON A MAP 6A DI6]5T LOC,N74 ,NOTE T SIMPLIFIC,N IS P]=M$ RELATIVE 6! 3/RUCT 2+ TE/$4 ,IF DUR+ ! TE/ $IT+ PROCESS1 X IS N CLE> :AT IS 2+ TE/$1 ! TE/ PUBLI%] W 2 3SULT$ = CL>IFIC,N 2F SIMPLIFIC,NS OR *ANGES O3UR4 #C4 ,REPRODUC$ REF];ES1 S* Z TA# ( 3T5TS1 DIC;N>Y PAGES1 OR 9DICES1 MAY NE$ 6BE %ORT5$ 9 ! BRL TE/ V].N :ILE MA9TA9+ APPROPRIATE 4TRACT]S & CORRECT ANSW]S4 ,? IS D"O 63TA9 ! BRL V].N 6"O PAGE1 IF POSSI#4 #D4 ,PROVI.N ( P]=M.E ITEMS 9 BRL =MAT M/ 9DICATE 6! BRL R1D] ! AM.T ( SPACE ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#AB PROVID$ =! ANSW]4 ,DIREC;NS M/ SPECIFY ! SPACE PROVID$ 0SU7E/+ ! "T NE$$ 6-PLETE ! ITEM OR 09DICAT+ ! APPROXIMATE PAGE >EA OR ! NUMB] ( P>AGRAPHS4 ,G5],Y1 "O PAGE ( PR9T IS EQUAL 6AB TWO PAGES ( BRL4 ,DIREC;NS MAY 9DICATE T "! >E F\R PR9T L9ES OR EI,N ( GRAPHIC MAT]IAL F TEXT OR 5CLOSES A GR\P ( SCATT]$ ITEMS4 -------------------------------------#AC #F4 ,SPECIFIC BRL CODES EXI/ = TRANSCRIB+ LIT]>Y "WS1 MA!MATICS1 & SCI;E MAT]IALS 96BRL4 ,:5 BRAILL+ ! 3T5T (! PR9T V].N (! TE/1 BRL TRANSCRIB]S M/ FOLL[ ! /&>DS ( CODE = BRL TRANSCRIP;N4 ,^! CODES >E PROVID$ 9 ..,5GLI% ,BRL ,AM]ICAN .,EDI;N1 #AIID2 ..,! ,NEME? ,BRL ,CODE = .,MA!MATICS1 #AIGB ,REVI.N2 & ..,BRL ,=MATS3 ,PR9CIPLES ( ,PR9T 6,BRL .,TRANSCRIP;N1 #AIIG4 ,ALL ?REE #BE ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#AC MANUALS >E AVAILA# F ! ,AM]ICAN ,PR9T+ ,H\SE =! ,BL4 #G4 ,TE/ SECUR;Y & 3FID5TIAL;Y /&>DS M/ 2 UPHELD 0BRL TE/ TRANSCRIB]S4 ,? 9CLUDES ! FOLL[+3 ,KEEP+ TE/+ MAT]IALS 9 A SECURE PLACE 69HIBIT A3ESS 0UNAU?ORIZ$ P]SONS ,N %>+ 9=M,N OR IMPLY+ 3T5T 3TA9$ 9 ! TE/+ MAT]IALS ) O!R P]SONS ,MA9TA9+ 4CRE;N AB ! "W 2+ D"O ,RETURN+ ALL MAT]IALS 6! 3TRACT+ S\RCE ,REG>D+ ! 3T5TS (! TE/ Z 3FID5TIAL #H4 ,AN EXP]I;ED BRL PRO(R1D] M/ 2 UTILIZ$ = PRO(R1D+ ALL MAT]IALS &1 9 "PICUL>1 EXAM9+ ALL TACTILE GRAPHICS 65SURE R1DABIL;Y & A3URACY4 #I4 ,EXP]I;ED BRL TRANSCRIB]S MIGE ,PR9T ,TE/ ,RESPONSE ,TRANSCRIP;N74 #AJ4 ,BRL V].NS (A TE/ M/ 9CLUDE TRANSCRIB]'S NOTES 7NOTES 6! BRL R1D] F ! BRL TRANSCRIB] AB *ANGES 9 ^W+1 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#AC USE ( SPECIAL SYMBOLS1 & USE ( ANY SPECIAL =MATS74 ,TRANSCRIB]'S NOTES M/ 2 WRITT5 9 PR9T )9 ! ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,NOTES = ,BRL ,EDI;N 7,APP5DIX ;,B74 ,! NUMB] ( TRANSCRIB]'S NOTES 9 TE/S %D 2 KEPT 6A M9IMUM4 ,TACTILE ,GRAPHICS ,? SEC;N (F]S 9=M,N REG>D+ ! USE ( GRAPHICS :5 TE/+ /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 ,GRAPHIC MAT]IAL1 : 9CLUDES MAPS1 *>TS1 GRAPHS1 DIAGRAMS1 & ILLU/R,NS1 FREQU5TLY 3TA9S 9=M,N T IS DI6ICULT 6PRES5T 9 A TACTILE =MAT4 ,RESE>* SUPPORTS ! USE ( TACTILE GRAPHICS & 8! IDEA T VISUAL EXP]I;E & VISUAL IMAGERY >E N REQUIR$ =! P]CEP;N ( SIMPLE TANGI# PICTURES '''0 7,HELL]1 ET AL41 #BJJB1 P4 #CEB74 ,X IS POSSI# 6PROVIDE _M TYPES ( GRAPHIC MAT]IAL 9 BRL OR RAIS$ L9E DRAW+S4 ,H["E1 C]TA9 TYPES ( GRAPHIC MAT]IALS EI _C 2 PROVID$ 9 BRL OR TACTILE =MATS1 OR !Y >E S -PLEX T DO+ S PRODUCES A GRAPHIC T IS #BG ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS C#AC UNR1DA# =! BRL US]4 -------------------------------------#AD ,MO/ MAPS1 *>TS1 GRAPHS1 & DIAGRAMS C 2 MADE TACTUAL IF ! TE/ PUBLI%] W ALL[ "S $IT+4 ,$IT+ CD 9VOLVE ELIM9AT+ %AD+ US$ SOLELY = VISUAL E6ECT1 REDUC+ ! NUMB] ( 4TRACT]S1 PROVID+ TWO OR ?REE *>TS 6PRES5T ! SAME 9=M,N Z A -PLEX PR9T *>T1 US+ DESCRIP;NS 6SUPPLE;T OR REPLACE GRAPHICS1 OR US+ SYMBOLS & ^WS )A KEY 6PROVIDE 9=M,N4 ,ALL *ANGES 6BRL TACTILE GRAPHICS %D 2 APPROV$ 0TE/ DEVELOP]S OR PUBLI%]S4 ,_M PR9T MAT]IALS USE GRAPHICS 6EMPHASIZE A PO9T1 PROVIDE ANO!R =MAT = 9=M,N1 OR PROVIDE VISUAL APP1L4 ,2C GRAPHICS >E -MON 9 TEXT1 TRA9+ 9 R1D+ GRAPHIC MAT]IAL & 9T]PRET+ A WRITT5 DESCRIP;N (A GRAPHIC >E IMPORTANT SKILLS =! /UD5T )A VISUAL IMPAIR;T 6LE>N4 ,GUIDEL9ES = TACTILE GRAPHIC MAT]IALS 9CLUDE ! FOLL[+3 #A4 ,GRAPHICS 9 MA!MATICS TE/S M/ FOLL[ ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#AD PROVI.NS (! ,NEME? ,CODE & ,GUIDEL9ES = ,MA!MATICAL ,DIAGRAMS1 ,,BANA 7#AIHC74 #B4 ,GRAPHIC MAT]IAL %D 2 SIMPLIFI$ )\T OMITT+ NE$$ 9=M,N OR CR1T+ AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE 0ALLUD+ 6! ANSW]4 #C4 ,PICTURES LACK+ VITAL 9=M,N OR CLUES 6! ANSW] W 2 OMITT$ F BRL MAT]IALS4 #D4 ,PICTURE DESCRIP;NS %D 2 PRES5T$ 3CISELY )9 ! /UD5T'S TE/ BOOKLET IF 9=M,N 9 ! PICTURE IS VITAL 6ANSW]+ ANY TE/ ITEM4 ,PICTURE DESCRIP;NS W APPE> Z TRANSCRIB]'S NOTES "?\T ! TE/ & M/ 2 9CLUD$ 9 ! ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,NOTES4 #E4 ,"S GRAPHICS >E BE/ H&L$ 0SUPPLE;T+ ! IMAGE )A H1D+1 LABEL1 DESCRIP;N1 OR KEY4 ,$ITS M/ 2 MADE C>E;LLY S T ! BRL R1D] IS N UN9T5;N,Y GIV5 AN ADVANTAGE OR L$ 6! CORRECT ANSW]4 #F4 ,GRAPHICS DEPICT+ M1SURE;TS M/ MA9TA9 A3URATE & TRUE PROPOR;NS 6MAT* ! ANSW] *OICES4 ,IF ANSW] *OICES M/ 2 *ANG$1 ! CORRECT RESPONSE M/ 2 LOCAT$ 9 ! SAME PLACE Z ! ORIG9AL #BI ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#AD CORRECT RESPONSE OP;N4 #G4 ,KEYS OR LEG5DS T SUPPLE;T R1D+ GRAPHICS %D 2 LOCAT$ AT ! TOP LEFT (! TACTILE GRAPHIC OR ON ! LEFT-H& FAC+ PAGE4 ,? ADAPT,N PROVIDES A 3SI/5T LOC,N = S* 9=M,N1 PROVIDES 9=M,N NE$$ 0! BRL TE/ TAK] PRIOR 6EXAM9,N (! TACTILE GRAPHIC1 & 5A#S EASY A3ESS 0! BRL R1D]4 #H4 ,BRL LABEL+ ON GRAPHICS W 2 PRES5T$ HORIZONT,Y4 #I4 ,*>TS & GRAPHS %D 2 MA9TA9$ ON "O PAGE :5 POSSI#4 ,IF GRAPHICS &! A3OMPANY+ TE/ ITEM REQUIRE M ?AN "O PAGE1 USE FAC+ PAGES 6PRES5T GRAPHICS &! A3OMPANY+ TE/ ITEM IF POSSI#4 -------------------------------------#AE #AJ4 ,IF A BRL TE/ "PICIPANT IS ASK$ 6PRODUCE A GRAPHIC Z "P (! TE/ ITEM1 S* A TASK C 2 A*IEV$ "? ! USE ( TACTILE GRAPHIC MAT]IALS T >E FAMILI> 6! BRL R1D]4 ,ANO!R OP;N T MAY 2 A3EPTA# 6TE/ DEVELOP]S IS =! /UD5T 6DESCRIBE OR EXPLA9 DATA OR O!R 9=M,N4 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#AE ,? OP;N M/ 2 APPROV$ 0! TE/ 3TRACTORS & 9CLUD$ 9 ! SCOR+ CRIT]IA4 ,! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR &! BRL R1D]'S T1*]1 US+ ! BRL R1D]'S CURR5T ,,IEP1 M/ COLLABORATE PRIOR 6! ADM9I/R,N (! TE/ 65SURE T APPROPRIATE MAT]IALS >E PROVID$4 ,=! PURPOSE ( SCOR+1 /UD5T- PRODUC$ GRAPHICS W NE$ 6BE H&-SCOR$ OR TRANSCRIB$ 96A PR9T GRAPHIC 0P]SONS FAMILI> ) BRL1 BRL R1D]S1 &! 3T5T >EA 2+ TE/$4 7,SEE SEC;N ON ,GUIDEL9ES ON ,BRL & ,L>GE ,PR9T ,TE/ ,RESPONSE ,TRANSCRIP;N47 #AA4 ,AN EXP]I;ED BRL R1D] M/ PRO(R1D ALL TACTILE GRAPHICS PRIOR 6MASS PRODUC;N (! 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REQUIR$ = H&L+ PR9T OR BRL MAT]IALS 7..,K5TUCKY ,CORE ,3T5T ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,MANUAL .,SUPPLE;T1 #BJJJ74 #G4 ,TE/ PUBLI%]S M/ GIVE ATT5;N 6PACKAG+ & LABEL+ (! AUDIO TE/4 ,AUDIO TE/S MAY NE$ 6BE PACKAG$ = EA* 9DIVIDUAL /UD5T1 )! APPROPRIATE PR9T &_/OR BRL SUPPLE;TS NE$$ 0! /UD5T &! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR4 #H4 ,AUDIO V].NS %D 2 DEVELOP$ US+ ! RES\RCE ..,! ,>T & ,SCI;E ( ,AUDIOTAPE ,BOOK .,PRODUC;N PUBLI%$ 0! ,N,NAL ,LIBR>Y ,S]VICE =! ,BL & ,PHYSIC,Y ,H&ICAPP$1 ,LIBR>Y ( ,3GRESS4 ,REQUIRE;TS = N>RATOR1 MONITOR1 & PRO(R1D] >E PROVID$ 9 ? DOCU;T4 -------------------------------------#BD #I4 ,! ,N,NAL ,BRL ,ASSOCI,N 9 ..,TAPE ,RECORD+ ,MANUAL1 ,?IRD .,EDI;N 7#AIGI7 PROVIDES 9/RUC;NS = R1D+ MA!MATIC 9/RUC;NAL MAT]IALS4 ,? S\RCE RECOMM5DS T GRAPHIC MAT]IALS 2 #DG ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#BD DESCRIB$1 IF POSSI#1 & A3OMPANI$ 0PR9T OR TACTILE V].NS (! GRAPHICS4 ,S* MODIFIC,NS NE$ 6BE APPROV$ 0! TE/ PUBLI%]4 ,MOREOV]1 ! AUDIO DESCRIP;NS1 PR9T1 & TACTILE V].NS (! MAT]IAL NE$ 6BE COORD9AT$4 ,IF DI6]5T DE"P;TS )9 ! SAME -PANY OR DI6]5T V5DORS >E RESPONSI# = DEVELOP+ & PRODUC+ ! A3ESSI# M$IA1 "O S\RCE %D 2 RESPONSI# = 5SUR+ T ! M$IA >E COORD9AT$ 6! EXT5T SPECIFI$4 #AJ4 ,AUDIO V].NS (! TE/ M/ 2 A3OMPANI$ 0PR9T OR BRL V].NS 6ALL[ /UD5TS A3ESS 6*>TS1 PICTURES1 & O!R GRAPHIC MAT]IAL T MAY 2 NE$$ 6ANSW] "QS ON ! TE/4 ,"S GRAPHIC MAT]IAL C 2 DESCRIB$ OR,Y1 :ILE O!R GRAPHIC MAT]IAL _C 2 DESCRIB$ )\T REV1L+ ! ANSW] OR PROVID+ AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE 6! AUDIO US]4 #AA4 ,! AUDIO TE/ %D 9/RUCT ! /UD5T 6/OP AT C]TA9 PO9TS4 ,/EPS 9 PACKAG+ &_/OR M1SURES 6BE EMPLOY$ 0! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR OR PROCTOR M/ 2 E/ABLI%$ 65SURE T TE/ TAK]S "W ONLY ON ALL[A# SEC;NS (! TE/4 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#BD ,= EXAMPLE1 SELECT SUBTE/S MAY 2 RECORD$ ON DI6]5T CASSETTE TAPES OR ;,,CD'S & !N COLLECT$ Z REQUIR$4 #AB4 ,N>R,N ( PR9T MAT]IALS M/ FOLL[ ,N,NAL ,LIBR>Y ,S]VICE 7,,NLS7 SPECIFIC,NS ( M9IMUM A3EPTA# REQUIRE;TS 7,SPECIFIC,NS ,NO4#CJJ & ,NO4#CJD74 #AC4 ,TE/ ADM9I/R,N MAT]IALS %D 9DICATE ! EQUIP;T REQUIR$ 0! /UD5T = US+ AUDIO V].NS (A TE/4 ,=A CASSETTE TAPE V].N (A TE/1 A /&>D TWO-TRACK TAPE PLAY]_/RECORD] & H1DPH"OS W 2 NE$$4 ,AN AUDIO TE/ ON ;,,CD W REQUIRE USE (A -MON ;,,CD PLAY] OR A DIGITAL TALK+ BOOK PLAY]1 DEP5D+ ON ! AUDIO FILE TYPE (! ;,,CD4 ,REG>D.S (! PLAY] US$1 A BACKUP PLAY] CAPA# ( PLAY+ ! SAME AUDIO M$IUM %D 2 AVAILA#4 ,A3ESS 6ELECTRICAL P[] OR SU6ICI5T BATT]IES = PLAY]_/RECORD] USE %D 2 9DICAT$4 ,TE/ ADM9I/RATORS %D 2 9/RUCT$ 69SPECT ! EQUIP;T FUNC;NS 2F TE/+ 2G9S4 #AD4 ,PROVI.NS M/ 2 MADE 9 ! TE/ #DI ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS C#BD ADM9I/R,N MANUAL =! MALFUNC;N+ ( AUDIO EQUIP;T4 ,/UD5TS MAY H 6BE TE/$ AT A LAT] "T IF MALFUNC;N+ O3URS4 ,/UD5TS M/ N 2 D5I$ A3ESS 6! ADM9I/R,N (A TE/ 2C ( EQUIP;T MALFUNC;N+ OR FAILURE4 -------------------------------------#BE #AE4 ,TE/ ADM9I/RATORS W NE$ 6MONITOR /UD5T 8MOVE;T0 "? AUDIO V].NS 65SURE T ! /UD5T MA9TA9S ! APPROPRIATE PLACE 9 ! TE/ & 65SURE T ! AUDIO V].N IS PLAY+ PROP]LY4 ,:5 US+ A TWO-SID$ CASSETTE TAPE1 /UD5TS MAY NE$ 6BE REM9D$ 6PLAY ! O!R SIDE (A TAPE4 ,PRIOR 6ADM9I/]+ ! TE/1 & 9 ! ABS;E ( /UD5TS1 TE/ PROCTORS %D SPOT *ECK AUDIO =MATS 65SURE PROP] OP],N (! AUDIO M$IUM & EQUIP;T4 #AF4 ,/UD5TS US+ AN AUDIO V].N (A TE/ M/ 2 S1T$ 9 A QUIET >EA & AWAY F O!R /UD5TS S T O!R /UD5TS >E N 4TURB$ 0! AUDIO M$IUM OR EQUIP;T OP],N4 ,/UD5TS C *OOSE 6USE H1DPH"OS4 #AG4 ,TE/ PUBLI%]S M/ SELECT AN EXP]I;ED N>RATOR ) APPROPRIATE VOICE1 SPEE*1 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#BE A3URACY1 & PRONUNCI,N SKILLS4 7,PRONUNCI,N RES\RCES >E AVAILA# F ,,NLS47 #AH4 ,N>R,N M/ 2 EVALUAT$ & PRO(R1D 65SURE T TE/ 3T5T IS 3VEY$ A3URATELY & T "QS >E PRES5T$ )\T UN9T5D$ EMPHASIS ON CORRECT ANSW]S4 #AI4 ,A P]SON ) ID5TICAL TE/ MAT]IALS %D MONITOR ! N>RATOR 65SURE A3URACY DUR+ AUDIO PRODUC;N4 ,A ?IRD P]SON %D 2 US$ =! PRO(R1D+ ( AUDIO MAT]IALS4 ----------------------------------#BF-BG ,,"S ,,GUIDEL9ES ,,= ,,ORAL ,,R1D+ ,,OR ,,SIGN+ ,,( ,A ,,TE/ ,/UD5TS :O >E VISU,Y IMPAIR$ OR D1F BL MAY NE$ ! A3OMMOD,N (A R1D] OR SIGN LANGUAGE 9T]PRET]4 ,O3A.N,Y1 AN AUDIO V].N (A TE/ IS N PRODUC$1 &A TE/ PUBLI%]1 DEVELOP]1 OR ASSESS;T P]SONNEL W ALL[ ! R1D+ OR SIGN+ 7USE ( SIGN LANGUAGE7 (A TE/ OR POR;NS (A TE/ = /UD5TS ^: ,9DIVIDUALIZ$ ,$UC,N ,PROGRAM 7,,IEP7 SPECIFIES ? A3OMMOD,N4 ,2F #EA ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#BG US+ ORAL R1D+ OR SIGN LANGUAGE Z AN A3OMMOD,N1 C>E;L ATT5;N M/ 2 GIV5 6! 3/RUCTS 2+ M1SUR$4 ,= EXAMPLE1 IF A SEC;N (! TE/ IS DESIGN$ 6ASSESS R1D+ Z A DECOD+ SKILL1 !N ! R1D+ OR SIGN+ (! TE/ 6A /UD5T WD 9VALIDATE ! RESULTS =! 9T5D$ PURPOSE4 ,9 ^! 9/.ES1 3SID] AN ALT]NATE TE/ OR REDEF9E ! 3/RUCT =! 9DIVIDUAL /UD5T4 ,ALW *ECK )! TE/ PUBLI%] OR TE/ DEVELOP] 6DET]M9E ! 3/RUCT 9T5T & A3OMMOD,N USE = "PICUL> SEC;NS (A TE/4 ,! ,$UC,NAL ,TE/+ ,S]VICE REC5TLY PO/$ ON _! WEB SITE ..,,ETS ,GUIDEL9ES =A ,TE/ .,R1D]1 : H BE5 MADE AVAILA# 9 ,APP5DIX ;,F ( ? DOCU;T "? SPECIAL P]MIS.N F ,,ETS4 ,? DOCU;T IS HELP;L 9 \TL9+ ! "*I/ICS (A GD R1D]1 PROVID+ G5]AL 9=M,N = R1D]S1 9DICAT+ SPECIAL 3SID],NS = MULTIPLE-*OICE TE/S1 A4RESS+ MA!MATICS R1D+1 & PROVID+ TE/ C5T] PROC$URES = US+ A R1D]4 ,9 A4I;N1 3SID],N (! FOLL[+ PO9TS W 5SURE APPROPRIATE PROVI.N ( ORAL R1D+ OR SIGN+ (A TE/ OR POR;N (A TE/4 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#BG #A4 ,TE/ SECUR;Y & 3FID5TIAL;Y /&>DS M/ 2 UPHELD4 #B4 ,! TE/ PURPOSE M/ 2 SPECIFI$ 65SURE T R1D+ OR SIGN+ A TE/ OR POR;NS (A TE/ D N 9VALIDATE RESULTS OR PRECLUDE H[ ! RESULTS W 2 REPORT$4 #C4 ,AN EXP]I;ED TE/ $ITOR & PROFES.NALS 9VOLV$ 9 "W+ ) /UD5TS :O REQUIRE R1D]S OR 9T]PRET]S NE$ 6BE 9CLUD$ 9 ! T1M ( P]SONS T ADAPT TE/S : >E 6BE R1D OR SIGN$4 #D4 ,A PREP>$ SCRIPT W HELP 5SURE A 3SI/5T1 /&>DIZ$ PRES5T,N (! TE/ ITEMS4 #E4 ,A R1D] OR SIGN LANGUAGE 9T]PRET] M/ H SKILLS 9 PRES5T+ V>I\S TYPES ( TE/ MAT]IALS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 "S"O FAMILI> ) MA!MATICAL SYMBOLS IS NE$$ 9 ORD] 6CORRECTLY R1D & 3VEY HI<] LEVEL MA? =MULAS & EQU,NS4 #F4 ,A /&>D VIDEO PRES5T,N (! TE/ 9 SIGN LANGUAGE IS RECOMM5D$ 65SURE QUAL;Y1 3SI/5CY1 PAC+1 & A3URACY4 #G4 ,! P]SON SELECT$ 6R1D A TE/ 6A #EC ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS C#BG /UD5T %D H ! "*I/ICS ( GD VOICE QUAL;Y & APPROPRIATE SPE$ & T"O4 -------------------------------------#BH #H4 ,! P]SON SIGN+ A TE/ M/ 2 A TRA9$ 9T]PRET] & 2 A# 6TRANSLATE 9 ! SAME ME?OD ( SIGN LANGUAGE TYPIC,Y US$ 0! /UD5T4 ,X IS N RECOMM5D$ T ! /UD5T'S T1*] 2 ! 9T]PRET] =! TE/+ SITU,N UN.S A SECOND P]SON IS PRES5T 6MONITOR = QUAL;Y & FAIR;S DUR+ ADM9I/R,N (! TE/4 #I4 ,VOICE 9FLEC;N 7REGIONAL DIALECT & PRONUNCI,N7 FAMILI>;Y IS RECOMM5D$4 #AJ4 ,! N>RATOR OR 9T]PRET] M/ AVOID VOICE 9FLEC;N T /RESSES OR O!RWISE 9DICATES ! CORRECT ANSW] 6TE/ ITEMS4 #AA4 ,/UD5TS TE/$ "? ORAL R1D+ (! EXAM M/ 2 TE/$ 9DIVIDU,Y 6PREV5T ! TE/+ SITU,N F 2COM+ A GR\P EF=T4 ,MOREOV]1 TE/+ 9DIVIDU,Y HELPS 5SURE T EA* /UD5T RCVS ! SPECIFIC ORAL R1D+ /RUCTURE REQUIR$ 0HIS OR H] 9DIVIDUAL NE$S4 #AB4 ,DIREC;NS C 2 R1D OR SIGN$ 6GR\PS ( /UD5TS4 #AC4 ,PRIOR 6! TE/+ SITU,N1 DI6ICULT ^WS ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#BH M/ 2 REVIEW$ 0! P]SON :O IS GO+ 6R1D OR SIGN ! TE/4 ,USE PRONUNCI,N DIC;N>IES Z REF];ES4 #AD4 ,ORAL R1D]S & 9T]PRET]S W NE$ 6PAUSE AT APPROPRIATE 9T]VALS 6PROVIDE ! /UD5T AN OPPORTUN;Y 6ANSW] TE/ ITEMS OR A3ESS GRAPHIC MAT]IAL PROVID$ 9 PR9T OR TACTILE =MATS4 #AE4 ,GRAPHIC MAT]IALS MAY 2 DESCRIB$ Z DETAIL$ 9 ! PRESCRIB$ SCRIPT1 B M/ AL 2 MADE AVAILA# 9 PR9T OR TACTILE =MATS4 #AF4 ,ORAL R1D]S OR 9T]PRET]S M/ AVOID PROVID+ AN ANSW] 6A /UD5T'S "Q 3C]N+ CL>IFIC,N ( TE/+ 3T5T4 ,DO+ S WD PROVIDE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE4 ,DEVELOP+ "S /&>D RESPONSES 6/UD5TS' "QS PRIOR 6! TE/+ SITU,N IS HELP;L4 ,= EXAMPLE1 Y C 5C\RAGE ! /UD5T 6LI/5 6! "Q AG4 #AG4 ,R1D]S OR 9T]PRET]S MAY NE$ 6PROVIDE MULTIPLE R1D+S OR SIGN+S ( PASSAGES1 "PS ( PASSAGES1 OR ITEMS4 ,UN.S 9/RUCT$ O!RWISE 9 ! ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,MANUAL1 PROFES.NAL #EE ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#BH JUDG;T & ANY GUID.E PROVID$ 9 ! ,,IEP %D 2 US$ 6DET]M9E ! NUMB] ( R1D+S NEC4 #AH4 ,IF ! ORAL R1D] OR 9T]PRET] IS AL -PLET+ AN ANSW] %EET =A /UD5T1 ! TRANSF] ( ANSW]S M/ 2 P]=M$ C>E;LLY 65SURE T ! /UD5T'S ANSW]S >E RECORD$ Z 9T5D$4 7,SEE SEC;N ON ,GUIDEL9ES = ,BRL & ,L>GE ,PR9T ,TE/ ,RESPONSE ,TRANSCRIP;N47 #AI4 ,TWO R1D]S OR 9T]PRET]S %D 2 US$ = PRES5T+ A TE/ OR POR;NS (A TE/ 6A /UD5T4 ,US+ TWO R1D]S OR 9T]PRET]S HELPS 5SURE A3URACY ( TE/ PRES5T,N & PROVIDES ! OPPORTUN;Y = R1D]S OR 9T]PRET]S 6RE/ AF #AE-BJ M9UTES ( PRES5T+ TE/ MAT]IAL4 -------------------------------------#BI ,,A3OMMOD,NS ,,9 ,,TE/+ ,,/UD5TS ,,) ,,VISUAL ,,IMPAIR;TS ,A3OMMOD,NS >E 9T5D$ 6LEVEL ! PLAY+ FIELD = ANY /UD5T )A 4ABIL;Y4 ,"! >E1 0NATURE (! 4ABIL;Y1 C]TA9 A3OMMOD,NS T >E NE$$ 0/UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 ,N ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#BI ALL (! A3OMMOD,NS 4CUSS$ 9 ? SEC;N >E 9T5D$ = ALL /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 ,LIKEWISE1 "S A3OMMOD,NS NE$$ 0/UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS MAY N 2 4CUSS$ 9 ? SEC;N4 ,A3OMMOD,NS & TE*NOLOGIES EXI/ 6PROVIDE LE>N]S ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS A3ESS 6ACADEMIC 9/RUC;N & TE/+4 ,! T]M 8TE*NOLOGY0 -ES "U ! DEF9I;N ( ASSI/IVE TE*NOLOGY Z DESCRIB$ 9 F$]AL LAW & IS 3SID]$ AN A3OMMOD,N 6! TE/+ ( /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 ,! NE$ = A3OMMOD,NS IS ! DECI.N (! ,9DIVIDUALIZ$ ,$UC,N ,PROGRAM T1M & M/ 2 RECORD$ ON ! ,,IEP4 ,A3OMMOD,NS US$ 9 TE/+ %D MAT* ^? US$ 0! /UD5T = CLASSROOM 9/RUC;N4 ,A3OMMOD,N USE IS DET]M9$ 0EVALUAT+ FACTORS UNIQUE 6EA* /UD5T & M/ 2 IMPLE;T$ Z \TL9$ ON ! ,,IEP4 ,EVALU,N (! E6ECTIVE;S ( A3OMMOD,NS = 9DIVIDUAL /UD5TS IS HIE E6ECTIVE =! /UD5T4 ,"S A3OMMOD,NS %D 2 ELIM9AT$ :5 & IF ! /UD5T >RIVES AT A PO9T ": HE OR %E EI DOES N NE$ ! A3OMMOD,N OR ! A3OMMOD,N IS 9E6ECTIVE4 ,? SEC;N PROVIDES AN OV]VIEW ( A3OMMOD,NS T MIE 4CUSS$1 & SPECIFIC A3OMMOD,NS = BRL R1D]S1 L>GE PR9T R1D]S1 & AUDIO US]S >E PRES5T$4 ,G5]AL ,A3OMMOD,NS = ,/UD5TS ) ,VISUAL ,IMPAIR;TS ,PRES5T,N ,A3OMMOD,NS #A4 ,"S /UD5TS :O >E VISU,Y IMPAIR$ MAY NE$ DIREC;NS OR "S TE/ ITEMS1 O!R ?AN ^? ASSESS+ R1D+ Z A DECOD+ SKILL1 R1D 6!M4 7,SEE SEC;N ON ,"S ,GUIDEL9ES = ,ORAL ,R1D+ & ,SIGN+ (A ,TE/47 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS #CJ #B4 ,-PUT] ASSI/$ TE/+ IS AN A3OMMOD,N T HAS RCVD "S ATT5;N "? RESE>*1 ?\< /UDIES 3C]N+ XS B5EFIT >E 9CONCLUSIVE 7,T9DAL @& ,FU*S1 #AIII74 ,G5],Y1 H["E1 :5 A /UD5T USES A -PUT] = DAILY CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES1 !N ? A3OMMOD,N MAY PROVE USE;L DUR+ TE/+ IF ! 3CEPTS 2+ TE/$ >E N "UM9$4 ,"! >E S"EAL PROGRAMS & P]IPH]AL MAT]IALS T C 2 US$ 6ADAPT ! -PUT] = USE 0P]SONS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 ,SCRE5 R1D]S1 TEXT 6SPEE* TE*NOLOGY1 & A3ESSI# KEYBO>D A3ESS "? BRL OR SWIT*ES >E ALL AVAILA#4 ,DEP5D+ ON ! 3/RUCT 2+ TE/$1 TE/ ADM9I/RATORS M/ V]IFY T ! /UD5T IS 9HIBIT$ F A3ESS+ S(TW>E OR H>DW>E T MAY PROVIDE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 IF A /UD5T'S BASIC MA? SKILLS >E 2+ ASSESS$ &! 9T5T IS N 6USE A CALCULATOR1 !N ! KEYBO>D FUNC;NS OR S(TW>E US$ = -PUT,NS M/ 2 BLOCK$4 #C4 ,:5 TE/+ ALL[S ! USE ( NON-SCI5TIFIC OR SCI5TIFIC CALCULATORS1 /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS %D 2 P]MITT$ #EI ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CJ 6USE AN EQUIVAL5T DEVICE T HAS BE5 ADAPT$ = USE 0! VISU,Y IMPAIR$ US]1 E4G41 A NON-SCI5TIFIC OR SCI5TIFIC TALK+ CALCULATOR4 ,%D A /ATE PROVIDE NON-SCI5TIFIC OR SCI5TIFIC CALCULATORS =! SIE TAK+ ! TE/4 #D4 ,"S"TS /UD5TS MAY WANT 6USE MANIPULATIVE DEVICES1 S* Z A RUL] OR TEMPLATE1 6MA9TA9 PLACE;T ON A L9E ( BRL OR PR9T4 ,RESPONSE ,A3OMMOD,NS #A4 ,/UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS MAY NE$ 6PRES5T ANSW]S OR,Y 6A TE/ ADM9I/RATOR :O -PLETES ! ANSW] %EET4 7,SEE SEC;N ON ,"S ,GUIDEL9ES = ,BRL & ,L>GE ,PR9T ,TE/ ,RESPONSE ,TRANSCRIP;N47 #B4 ,/UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS MAY NE$ 6WRITE ANSW]S 9 ! TE/ BOOKLET OR ON SEP>ATE PAP] US+ A BRLWRIT] OR SLATE & /YLUS4 ,! /UD5T'S ANSW]S W !N NE$ 6BE ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#CJ TRANSCRIB$ & TRANSF]R$ 6! ANSW] %EET4 7,SEE SEC;N ON ,"S ,GUIDEL9ES = ,BRL & ,L>GE ,PR9T ,TE/ ,RESPONSE ,TRANSCRIP;N47 #C4 ,/UD5TS MAY NE$ 6WRITE ANSW]S US+ A ^W PROCESS+ SY/EM1 6BE TRANSF]R$ 6! ANSW] %EET4 ,DEP5D+ ON ! 3/RUCT 2+ TE/$1 TE/ ADM9I/RATORS M/ V]IFY T /UD5TS >E 9HIBIT$ F A3ESS+ S(TW>E OR H>DW>E T MAY PROVIDE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 IF A /UD5T IS RESPOND+ 6A WRIT+ PROMPT &! WRIT+ W 2 JUDG$ BAS$ ON CORRECT SPELL+ & GRAMM>1 !N ! SPELL *ECK FUNC;N & GRAMM> FUNC;NS M/ 2 4A#D4 -------------------------------------#CA #D4 ,IF A /UD5T M/ DRAW OR "SH[ DEMON/RATE A RESPONSE1 X IS ESS5TIAL T A3ESSI# TOOLS & MAT]IALS T >E TYPIC,Y US$ 0! /UD5T = 9/RUC;NAL PURPOSES 2 MADE AVAILA# 9 ! TE/+ 5VIRON;T Z L;G Z NO UNFAIR ADVANTAGE IS PROVID$4 ,ON ITEMS S* Z ^!1 X IS V IMPORTANT T SCOR+ CRIT]IA 2 WELL DEF9$4 #FA ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CA ,TIM+ ,A3OMMOD,NS #A4 ,! USE ( EXT5D$ "T = TE/ -PLE;N IS A TE/+ A3OMMOD,N T HAS RCVD 3SID]A# ATT5;N S9CE /ATE TE/+ & A3.TABIL;Y SY/EMS H BE5 IMPLE;T$4 ,RESE>* 9VE/IGAT+ ! USE ( EXT5D$ "T HAS YIELD$ LL 3CLUSIVE 9=M,N AB XS B5EFIT 7,T9DAL @& ,FU*S1 #AIII74 ,H["E1 /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS W USU,Y REQUIRE EXT5D$ "T DUR+ TE/+ 2C US+ BRL1 L>GE PR9T1 & AUDIO =MATS REQUIRE M "T ?AN DOES R1D+ REGUL> PR9T ) A3EPTA# VISUAL ACU;Y4 ,A /UDY 0,WETZEL & ,"KLTON 7#BJJJ7 SU7E/S T EXP]I;ED ADULT BRL R1D]S MAY NE$ NO M ?AN #EJ@3P A4I;NAL "T ?AN ! /AT$ DUR,N1 ) A4I;NAL "T ALL[$ =! MANIPUL,N ( AN AUDIO DEVICE OR ! M>K+ ( AN ANSW] %EET4 ,9 3TRA/1 AN E>LI] RESE>*] F.D T BRL R1D]S ) F> LESS BRL-R1D+ EXP]I;E ?AN ! SUBJECTS M5;N$ 9 ! ,WETZEL & ,"KLTON /UDY MAY NE$ 2T #B & #C "TS Z M* "T Z _! SIGE PR9T R1D]S HAS BE5 #A-A/B "T1 &= BRL R1D]S "T ALLOTT$ HAS BE5 TWICE Z M* "T Z T ALL[$ =! REGUL> PR9T R1D] 7,L[5FELD1 ,ABEL1 @& ,HATL51 #AIFI1 PP4 #IA-IB74 ,REG>D.S (! "T ALL[$1 ! /UD5T %D 2 C>E;LLY MONITOR$ 65SURE "T IS 2+ US$ APPROPRIATELY4 ,IF /UD5TS NE$ AN 9ORD9ATE AM.T ( "T1 $UCATORS MAY NE$ 69VE/IGATE ! E6ICI5CY (! *OS5 R1D+ MODE OR 9ITIATE REM$I,N 6IMPROVE SPE$4 ,G5],Y1 TIM+ A3OMMOD,NS %D 2 9DIVIDUALIZ$ AC 6! TE/ TAK]'S R1D+ RATE & TE/+ SITU,N 7,WETZEL @& ,"KLTON1 #BJJJ74 7,SEE ,APP5DIX ;,E ON ! 8,USE ( ,EXT5D$ ,"T407 #B4 ,R1D+ BRL OR L>GE PR9T & LI/5+ 6MAT]IAL PRES5T$ OR,Y1 ESPECI,Y :5 A3OMPANI$ 0GRAPHIC MAT]IAL1 C 2 A FATIGU+ & (T5 FRU/RAT+ EXP]I;E 9 A HI< /AKES TE/+ 5VIRON;T4 ,"!=E1 /UD5TS MAY NE$ S"EAL BRIEF SES.NS 9 : 6TAKE ! TE/4 ,A4I;NAL BR1K OP;NS %D AL 2 #FC ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS C#CA 3SID]$4 #C4 ,/UD5TS MAY NE$ 6BE TE/$ OV] A L;G] "T P]IOD1 A WEEK R ?AN TWO "DS1 = EXAMPLE4 ,H["E1 ANY ALT],N (! "TTA# W NECESSITATE CLOSE SUP]VI.N 65SURE TE/ SECUR;Y4 -------------------------------------#CB #D4 ,/UD5TS MAY NE$ 6BE TE/$ AT DI6]5T "TS (! "D DEP5D+ ON _! OPTIMAL FUNC;N+ "T4 ,SETT+ ,A3OMMOD,NS #A4 ,"S VISU,Y IMPAIR$ /UD5TS MAY NE$ 6BE ADM9I/]$ A TE/ OR SELECT SUBTE/S 9DIVIDU,Y OR 9 SMALL GR\PS1 Z RECOMM5D$ ON ! ,,IEP1 6HELP MAXIMIZE ! /UD5TS' P]=M.E OR 65SURE T ! TEXT A3OMMOD,NS NE$$ 0! /UD5TS >E IMPLE;T$ )\T 9T]F];E 6! 3C5TR,N & TE/ TAK+ RESULTS ( O!R /UD5TS4 #B4 ,IF A /UD5T IS 2+ R1D TO1 IS RECORD+ ANSW]S 0US+ TE*NOLOGY T IS NOISY1 OR IS RECORD+ ANSW]S OR,Y1 !N HE OR %E M/ TAKE ! TE/ 9DIVIDU,Y & "U ! SUP]VI.N ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CB (A TE/ ADM9I/RATOR 9 ORD] 6AVOID 4TRACT+ OR 9FLU5C+ ! RESPONSES ( O!R /UD5TS4 ,SPECIFIC ,A3OMMOD,NS 9 ,TE/+ ,VISU,Y ,IMPAIR$ ,/UD5TS ,BRL1 L>GE PR9T1 & AUDIO >E A3OMMOD,NS T "S VISU,Y IMPAIR$ /UD5TS W USE 9T]*ANGEABLY4 ,A /UD5T MAY1 = EXAMPLE1 R1D A PASSAGE 9 BRL & PREF] 6A3ESS A TA# OR *>T 9 AN 5L>G$ V].N (! TE/4 ,"!=E1 /UD5TS %D 2 ALL[$ 6USE A L>GE PR9T 7OR REGUL> PR9T ) MAGNIFIC,N7 &A BRL V].N (! TE/1 IF REQUE/$4 ,AN ABACUS IS (T5 USE;L = /UD5TS :5 MA!MATICS PRO#MS >E 6BE "W$ )\T A CALCULATOR4 ,! ABACUS FUNC;NS Z PAP] & P5CIL = "S /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS :O H RCVD 9/RUC;N & PRACTICE ON ! USE (! ABACUS4 7,SEE ,APP5DIX ;,D =! POSI;N PAP] 8,US+ ! ,ABACUS 9 ,TE/-,TAK+ ,SITU,NS407 ,O!R TOOLS AVAILA# = USE 0VISU,Y IMPAIR$ /UD5TS 9CLUDE BRL OR L>GE #FE ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#CB PR9T RUL]S & PROTRACTORS1 RAIS$ L9E OR BOLD L9E GRAPH PAP]1 OR RAIS$ L9E OR BOLD L9E WRIT+ PAP]4 ,3TACT ! ,AM]ICAN ,PR9T+ ,H\SE =! ,BL 7,,APH7 = M 9=M,N OR 6REQUE/ A CATALOG ( AVAILA# MAT]IALS1 OR VISIT ,,APH ON ! ,9T]NET AT _+WWW.APH.ORG_:4 ,SPECIFIC ,A3OMMOD,NS 9 ,TE/+ ,R1D]S ,:O ,REQUIRE ,5L>G$ OR ,L>GE ,PR9T ,5L>G$ PR9T IS T : IS #AD PO9T1 #AF PO9T1 OR REGUL> PR9T T HAS BE5 5L>G$ US+ MAGNIFIC,N DEVICES4 ,L>GE PR9T IS #AH- PO9T TYPE & L>G]4 ,5L>G$ PR9T & L>GE PR9T >E A3OMMOD,NS4 -------------------------------------#CC ,"S /UD5TS MAY *OOSE 6USE A REGUL> PR9T TE/ & 5L>GE X MANU,Y )A MAGNIFIC,N DEVICE ) : !Y >E FAMILI>4 ,MAGNIFIC,N DEVICES 9CLUDE EYEGLASS-M.T$ MAGNIFI]S1 FREE /&+ OR H&HELD MAGNIFI]S1 & ELECTRONIC EQUIP;T S* Z ! CLOS$ CIRCUIT TELEVI.N 7,,CCTV71 OR A -PUT] T HAS TEXT 5L>GE;T S(TW>E 9/ALL$4 ,^! DEVICES D N ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CC PROVIDE A /UD5T ) AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE4 ,R1 !Y >E DEVICES T ! /UD5T REQUIRES 6A3ESS PR9T1 & !Y %D 2 ALL[$ Z /&>D A3OMMOD,NS4 ,%D A -PUT] 2 US$ Z AN A3OMMOD,N1 ! TE/ ADM9I/RATOR M/ 5SURE T -PUT] OP;NS O!R ?AN SCRE5 5L>GE;T >E N US$ UN.S APPROV$ Z A3OMMOD,NS =A "PICUL> TE/4 ,PROP] LIE1 :ILE "S"TS OV]LOOK$1 >E CRITICAL = _M R1D]S ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS4 ,LI VISUAL NE$S & M9IMIZE GL>E W HELP PROMOTE SU/A9$ R1D+ E6ICI5CY4 ,SPECIFIC ,A3OMMOD,NS = ,AUDIO & ,ORAL ,TE/ ,ADM9I/R,N ,/UD5TS US+ AN AUDIO V].N (A TE/ OR HAV+ ! TE/ OR,Y ADM9I/]$ Z AN A3OMMOD,N %D AL 2 ALL[$ 6H PR9T 7L>GE PR9T OR REGUL> PR9T )A MAGNIFIC,N DEVICE7 & BRL V].NS (! TE/1 IF REQUE/$4 ,A /UD5T MAY WI% 6LI/5 6A PASSAGE 0WAY ( AUDIO1 B A3ESS A TA# OR *>T 9 A L>GE PR9T #FG ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#CC OR BRL V].N (! TE/4 ,LI/5+ 6AN ORAL DESCRIP;N (A GEOMETRIC FIGURE C 2 DI6ICULT OR IMPOSSI# 6FOLL[ UN.S AN 5L>G$ GRAPHIC OR A TACTILE GRAPHIC A3OMPANIES ! ORAL DESCRIP;N4 ----------------------------------#CD-CE ,,"S ,,GUIDEL9ES ,,= ,,BRL ,,& ,,L>GE ,,PR9T ,,TE/ ,,RESPONSE ,,TRANSCRIP;N ,"S /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS W USE ! A3OMMOD,N ( ORAL RESPONSE1 WRITT5 RESPONSE 7ON ! TE/ BOOKLET OR ON PAP] O!R ?AN ! TE/ ANSW] %EET PROVID$ 0! TE/ PUBLI%]71 OR TAP$ RESPONSE4 ,EA* ( ^! A3OMMOD,NS REQUIRES T A P]SON TRANSCRIBE ! ANSW]S ONTO ! ANSW] %EET OR BOOKLET T W 2 SCOR$4 ,^! GUIDEL9ES >E PROVID$ 65SURE T TRANSCRIP;N IS P]=M$ APPROPRIATELY4 #A4 ,3FID5TIAL;Y (! TE/ MAT]IALS &! /UD5T'S 9DIVIDUAL RESPONSES IS CRITICAL4 ,TRANSCRIB]S M/ TR1T ! TE/+ ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CE MAT]IALS &! /UD5T RESPONSES 9 A SECURE & 3FID5TIAL MANN] 65SURE TE/ & /UD5T ID5TIFIC,N SECUR;Y4 #B4 ,RESPONSE TRANSCRIB]S M/ "K BRL IF TRANSCRIB+ BRL RESPONSES4 #C4 ,X IS BE/ IF ! RESPONSE TRANSCRIB] IS A 8NEUTRAL0 P]SON1 N "S"O )A VE/$ 9T]E/ 9 ! /UD5T'S SCORES4 #D4 ,RESPONSE TRANSCRIB]S M/ PROVIDE ! EXACT ANSW]S T ! /UD5T HAS WRITT5 US+ ! SAME PUNCTU,N1 SPELL+1 & GRAMM> /RUCTURE4 ,!Y _C GUESS :AT ! /UD5T MIE 9COMPLETE4 #E4 ,X IS RECOMM5D$ T ! RESPONSE TRANSCRIB] H A SECOND P]SON PRO(R1D ! RESPONSES 65SURE A3URACY & FAIR;S 6! /UD5T4 ,:5 TRANSCRIB+ GRAPHICS T A /UD5T HAS PRODUC$1 TWO TRANSCRIB]S %D "W TGR 9 TRANSF]R+ /UD5T ANSW]S 6! ANSW] %EET OR BOOKLET4 #F4 ,=A P]IOD ( "T1 /UD5T RESPONSES M/ 2 MA9TA9$ 9 A SECURE FILE ) TE/ "N1 COPY"R YE>1 =M & LEVEL ADM9I/]$ S T ! /UD5T'S ACTUAL RESPONSES C 2 #FI ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#CE REVIEW$ IF "QS >ISE4 ----------------------------------#CF-CG ,,REPORT+ ,,TE/ ,,RESULTS ,,( ,,/UD5TS ,,) ,,VISUAL ,,IMPAIR;TS ,FOLL[+ ! REQUIRE;TS ( F$]AL LAW1 ! SCORES ( /UD5TS :O TAKE ASSESS;TS 9 A3ESSI# =MAT M/ 2 REPORT$ = A3.TABIL;Y PURPOSES4 ,:5 REPORT+ ! RESULTS ( /UD5TS ) VISUAL IMPAIR;TS1 C>E M/ 2 TAK5 6PROTECT ! /UD5T'S PRIVACY :ILE APPROPRIATELY REPRES5T+ ! TE/ SCORE 9 3SID],N (! A3OMMOD,N7S7 US$4 ,/UD5TS M/ N 2 P5ALIZ$ = USE ( APPROV$ A3OMMOD,NS T D N *ANGE ! TE/ 3/RUCT & D N PROVIDE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE 6! TE/ TAK]4 ,REPORT+ ( SCORES %D 2 A 3SID],N DUR+ ! TE/ DEVELOP;T PHASE S T ALL "PIES "U/& ! PURPOSE (! TE/+ & H[ ! RESULTS W 2 REPORT$ & US$4 ,REPORT+ ,TE/ ,RESULTS = ,BRL ,EDI;NS ,= MO/ ASSESS;TS1 BRL TE/ V].NS %D 2 ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CG REG>D$ Z APPROPRIATE A3OMMOD,NS = /UD5TS :O USE BRL DAILY4 ,ANY RESCAL+ ( BRL TE/ V].NS T IS P]=M$ 2C ( ITEM OMIS.N %D 2 REPORT$4 ,! SCORES ( ^? /UD5TS TAK+ A TE/ 9 BRL %D 2 3SID]$ VALID Z L;G Z ! TE/ HAS BE5 PREP>$ US+ ! GUIDEL9ES PRES5T$ 9 ? DOCU;T4 ,/UD5TS :O R1D BRL DAILY NE$ 6USE BRL 6RESPOND 6TE/ ITEMS4 ,? DUAL USE PROVIDES AN 9/RUC;NAL_/ASSESS;T VALID;Y MAT*4 ,EXT5SIVE EF=TS TO 8PROVE0 A BRL TE/ 9VALID 2C (A DI6];E 9 =MAT >E NEI RECOMM5D$ NOR USE;L4 ,IF ! PURPOSE (A TE/ IS 6DET]M9E $UC,NAL SKILL PROGRESS1 ! VALID;Y C 2 A4RESS$ 03FIRM+ T ! M$IA US$ = 9/RUC;N MAT*ES T : IS US$ = ASSESS;T4 ,REPORT+ ,TE/ ,RESULTS = ,L>GE ,PR9T ,EDI;NS ,FREQU5TLY1 L>GE PR9T V].NS ( TE/S AL QUALIFY Z APPROPRIATE A3OMMOD,NS = USE DUR+ ! ASSESS;T ( /UD5TS :O USE L>GE PR9T DAILY4 ,UN.S ! ASSESS;T HAS #GA ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS B#CG BE5 RE=MATT$1 ! L>GE PR9T V].N IS A CAM]A-5L>G$ V].N (! ORIG9AL V].N4 ,IF ! TE/ IS ALT]$ "? REMOVAL ( %AD+1 OR O!R CLUTT] F GRAPHICS1 ! USE (! L>GE PR9T =MAT %D 2 3SID]$ AN APPROPRIATE & VALID A3OMMOD,N4 ,G5],Y1 IF RE=MATT+ IS P]=M$ 9 A MANN] PRES]V+ ! ORIG9AL TE/ 3T5T1 ! RE=MATT$ V].N %D 2 3SID]$ VALID4 ,PRODUC]S ( L>GE PR9T M/ "W ) TE/ PUBLI%]S 6V]IFY T ! TE/ MAT]IAL HAS N BE5 ALT]$ 9 3T5T OR PURPOSE 6MA9TA9 TE/ VALID;Y4 -------------------------------------#CH ,REPORT+ ,TE/ ,RESULTS = ,AUDIO & ,OR,Y ,ADM9I/]$ ,TE/S ,REG>D+ MO/ ASSESS;TS1 ! USE ( AUDIO & OR,Y ADM9I/]$ TE/S %D 2 3SID]$ APPROPRIATE A3OMMOD,NS = /UD5TS :O USE AUDIO & ORAL =MATS ON A R\T9E BASIS 6A3ESS MAT]IALS4 ,= TE/S T ASSESS R1D+ Z A DECOD+ SKILL 7VISU,Y OR TACTU,Y71 AUDIO & OR,Y ADM9I/]$ V].NS MAY *ANGE ! SKILL 2+ TE/$1 & ? %D 2 NOT$ 9 ANY ,,TE/ ,,A3ESS A#CH REPORT ( SCOR+4 ,,5D ,,( ,,VOLUME #A #GC